In most countries in Southeast Asia, like Cambodia, Lao, or Myanmar, which are the developing countries, people living in rural areas have their own farm or a plot of land before or behind the house. It saves the family expenses and also gives natural taste. They save expenses by using organic compost and because it can be made themselves and costs less money.
Waste doesn't mean Compost. It is just rotten debris and has no NPK. In the picture, a farmer has used the waste of rotten rice straw with cow dunk. Is it sufficient to give the nutrient to crops? Compost has NPK to feed the crops since the first time watering. The wast straw and cow dunk need time, by watering frequently, to convert to compost. So it does not work as fast and effective as compost. So now you know the reason to choose which to use.